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极端天气报道数量创新高
2024-07-05 09:00来源:必克英语
In recent months, reports of extreme weather have reached new levels.
Some climate scientists say they cannot remember when the world had so much extreme weather.
In Brazil, for example, flooding killed at least 100 people and damaged the southern city of Porto Alegre.
Voters and politicians in India are facing heat as high as 46 degrees Celsius during national elections.
A heat wave caused officials to close schools in the Philippines.
Thailand has reported deaths from record heat.
Weather experts are also reporting high heat in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Maldives and Myanmar.
Record temperatures hit many parts of Africa too.
In the United States, the National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center recently put a message on social media service X.
It said April had the second-highest number of tornadoes for that month ever recorded.
Jonathan Overpeck leads the School for Environment and Sustainability at the University of Michigan.
He said, "It is not surprising to see worsening climate extremes so early in the year."
The climate expert added, "If this record pace of warming continues, 2024 will likely be a record year of climate disasters and human suffering."
Some scientists have been saying that, when the world is warmer, it is likely to have more extreme weather.
They call these "climate events," including record heat and rainfall.
They say climate change is also changing where and when weather events take place.
Alvaro Silva said that leads to rainy and hot systems staying over areas for longer periods.
Silva is a climate scientist at the World Meteorological Organization based in Geneva.
Climate scientists have reported 13 straight months of record high ocean temperatures as a possible influence on the weather extremes.
Recently, the European climate service Copernicus reported the 11th record-breaking month in a row for the world's average temperature.
The average global temperature of 15 degrees Celsius in April beat the old record from 2016 by 0.14 degrees Celsius.
Copernicus' data dates back to 1950.
Last month was 1.58 degrees Celsius warmer than what climate scientists call the pre-industrial period of the late 19th century.
Countries signing the Paris Climate Agreement in 2015 set a goal of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
Several influences play a part in the recent extremes.
Silva said, "climate change is the most important one."
In the first five days of May, 70 countries or territories broke heat records, said climatologist Maximiliano Herrera.
He follows temperature records across the world.
Recently in Southeast Asia, "it was the hottest May night ever," Herrera posted on X.
Parts of Thailand did not drop below 31 degrees Celsius.
Many African nations are also facing extreme heat.
Herrera said it reached 47.5 degrees Celsius in Kayes, Mali.
The capital of Niger, Niamey, had its hottest May night and Burkina Faso's capital, Ouagadougou, had its hottest night for any month.
The heat in Brazil affected cites like Sao Paulo and kept a rainstorm from moving over the country's south.
Francisco Aquino, a climatologist at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, said that caused the weather to become dangerous.
There was also an increase in humidity from the Amazon River area, which Aquino called "flying rivers."
The flying rivers are air currents that carry a lot of water vapor.
"These caused clouds to generate extreme rainfall," he said.
April also brought the heaviest rains ever recorded to the United Arab Emirates.
Parts of major highways flooded, as did Dubai International Airport, the world's busiest airport for international travel.
I'm Dan Novak.
近几个月来,有关极端天气的报道数目创下新高。
一些气候科学家表示,他们记不起世界上什么时候有过如此多的极端天气。
例如,在巴西,洪水造成至少100人死亡,南部城市阿雷格里港受损。
在全国大选期间,印度选民和政客面临着高达46摄氏度的高温。
一场热浪导致菲律宾官员关闭了学校。
泰国已经报告了创纪录的高温造成的死亡。
气象专家报告说,印度尼西亚、马来西亚、马尔代夫和缅甸也出现了高温天气。
创纪录的温度也袭击了非洲的许多地区。
在美国,国家气象局风暴预测中心最近在社交媒体X上发布了一条消息。
消息表明,4月份的龙卷风数量是有记录以来第二高多的。
乔纳森·奥弗佩克是密歇根大学环境与可持续发展学院的负责人。
他说:“这么早看到极端气候的恶化并不令人惊讶。
气候专家补充说:“如果这种创纪录的变暖速度继续下去,2024年很可能是气候灾难和人类苦难创纪录的一年。
一些科学家一直在说,全球变暖可能会导致更极端的天气。
他们把这些称为“气候事件”,包括创纪录的高温和降雨量。
这些科学家们表示,气候变化也在改变异常天气事件发生的地点和时间。
阿尔瓦罗·席尔瓦说,这导致降雨和高温系统在该地区停留更长时间。
世界气象组织的总部设在日内瓦,而席尔瓦是该组织中的一名气候科学家。
据气候科学家报告,海洋温度连续 13 个月创历史新高,这可能是极端天气的一个影响因素。
最近,欧洲气候服务机构哥白尼报告称,世界平均气温连续第11个月打破纪录。
4月份全球平均气温为15摄氏度,比2016年以来的旧纪录高出0.14摄氏度。
哥白尼的数据可以追溯到1950年。
上个月的气温比气候科学家所说的19世纪末的前工业化时期高出1.58摄氏度。
2015年签署《巴黎气候协定》的国家设定了将全球变暖控制在比工业化前水平高1.5摄氏度的目标。
在最近的极端事件中,有几个因素起到了一定作用。
席尔瓦谈到:“气候变化是最重要的。
气候学家马克西米利亚诺·埃雷拉表示,在五月的前五天,有70个国家或地区打破了高温记录。
他密切关注世界各地的温度记录。
最近在东南亚,“这是有史以来最热的五月之夜,”埃雷拉在X上发帖。
泰国部分地区的气温没有下降到31摄氏度以下。
许多非洲国家也面临着酷热。
埃雷拉说,马里凯斯的气温达到了47.5摄氏度。
尼日尔首都尼亚美经历了5月最热的夜晚,布基纳法索首都瓦加杜古经历了一个月来最热的夜晚。
巴西的高温影响了圣保罗等城市,并阻止了暴雨在该国南部移动。
南里奥格兰德联邦大学的气候学家弗朗西斯科·阿基诺说,这导致天气变得危险。
亚马逊河地区的湿度也有所增加,阿基诺称该地区为“飞河”。
飞河是携带大量水蒸气的气流。
他表示:“这导致了云层产生极端的降雨。”
4月份阿联酋面临了有史以来最大的降雨。
部分主要高速公路被淹,世界上国际旅行最繁忙的机场迪拜国际机场也被淹没。
我是丹 · 诺瓦克。
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