新闻万花筒：VOA视角之新工具提高建筑物的能源效率

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New Tool Maps Buildings' Energy Efficiency

Architects, engineers and building managers will soon be able to quickly collect data about building interiors that once took weeks to measure and process. A backpack-mounted device, developed by a group of scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, will require just one pass through the building to create not only a 3D model but gather other valuable information related to the building’s energy efficiency.

Let’s say an older building needs a new, more efficient heating and cooling system. The first thing you need is a precise configuration of all rooms, the size and position of heating and cooling elements, windows and doors, and electrical outlets.

Instead of sending a team of technicians with laser pointers and laptop computers it will soon be possible to hire only one, with a space-age backpack loaded with sophisticated instruments, says engineer Annie Marston with Baumann Consulting, who evaluated the new device.

“The backpack is something you can wear, which has all the sensors on the back, which can then walk through a building and detect the geometry, the lights, the plug load, and, once you take it out, you can create a 3D model which can show an IR (infra-red) image of each of the walls and look at the thermal capacity of the building, and then it can be transferred into an energy model, and the energy model could be run and look at how the energy is dispersed within the building, and that’s when we start looking at saving measures and things like that,” says Marston.

A barometer calculates the elevation, while magnetometers serve as 3D compasses capturing information about metallic structures.

The so-called point cloud map has accuracy of plus or minus 10 centimeters, to which an algorithm can add surfaces to the walls, floors and ceilings, turning it into a feature-rich map.

This can be used for energy simulation, thermo-modeling or architectural design.

Marston says the device may be very useful not only to energy auditors and engineers but also to the construction industry.

“When they are building a new construction, it will be great to have a model of the ducts and the pipes before the walls are closed up, so in later years you know where everything is,” says Marston.

Researchers say they are now trying to lower the backpack's weight from 15 to about 10 kilograms. The projected price of about $20,000 is still high, but they predict the device will be available for loan at a more affordable sum.

词汇解析

presence

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.出席；存在；到场；【生】存在度

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

We shall be very glad to have your presence.

你如能出席,我们将感到很高兴。

He made believe not to be aware of my presence.

他假装不知道我在那里。

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security

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.安全；保证；证券；债券；抵押；防护措施

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

I'll undertake for your security.

我将保证你的安全。

The value of a derivative is based on another security.

金融衍生工具的价值以另一种债券为基准。

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progress

难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词

英汉解释

n.进步；发展；前进

v.进步；发展；缓速前进；促进

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

They made slow progress towards the mountaintop.

他们向山顶缓慢地前进。

用作动词 (v.)

We are meeting again tomorrow to try and progress the matter.

我们打算明天再见面，试着推动这件事情的发展。

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bacteria

pinlv: hanyin:

英汉解释

n.(复数)细菌

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

It is possible to multiply bacteria and other living organisms in the laboratory.

在实验室能够繁殖细菌和其他生物。

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sacrifice

难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词

英汉解释

n.牺牲；祭品；供奉

vt.牺牲；亏本出售；供奉

vi.献祭；(棒球)作牺牲一击

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

In the first scene, I sacrifice a sheep, taking its heart.

第一幕场景中，我供奉了一只羊，取出了它的心脏。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

It's the company's policy to sacrifice short-term profits for the sake of long-term growth.

为长期发展而牺牲短期利润是公司的方针。

用作不及物动词 (vi.)

As an additional cost to play Shard Volley, sacrifice a land.

作为碎片齐发的额外费用，牺牲一快地。

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reaction

难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词

英汉解释

n.反应；生理反应；反应能力；复旧；反动；化学反应

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

Her arrest produced an immediate reaction from the press.

她被捕的事立刻在新闻界引起反应。

After all the excitement there was an inevitable reaction.

热闹一番过后,生活沉闷如故。

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victim

难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词

英汉解释

n.受害者；受骗者；牺牲

参考例句

用作名词 (n.)

She fell an easy victim to his temptation.

她经不起他的诱惑，轻易地被骗了。

He was the victim of injustice.

他是不公平的牺牲者。

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