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Parma Food Producers Worry About Impact of Imitations
Food producers in the Emilia-Romagna region of northern Italy are worried that cheap imitations of their famous Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese and Prosciutto di Parma ham from other parts of the world could ruin the reputation of their refined products.
The original Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese is made from raw cow's milk according to an 800-year-old tradition. It can take two years for the cheese to age and get ready for consumption. Parmigiano is the Italian adjective derived from Parma, the city, and Reggiano stands for the region of Emilia. The cheese is known internationally as parmesan.
"Parmigiano-Reggiano comes from here and can only be made in this way and in this region, and the process all starts with milk produced by cows reared on local vegetation," said Igino Morini, spokesman for the Parmigiano-Reggiano Consortium.
European law classifies the original name, as well as the translation parmesan, as a protected indication of geographic origin.
"The European Court of Justice has declared that the Parmesan appellation, like all other similar appellations, can only be used for genuine parmesan," Morini said. "And for us it's very important. It represents a historic judicial decision that says that all false appellations within the EU are forbidden."
But in many other countries, including the United States, Canada and Brazil, the name parmesan is often used for similar cheeses that are produced in a cheaper and faster way. Since the 2012 earthquake that hit the Emilia region, more of these cheeses have been produced overseas than in Italy, and they have reached Italian markets.
Parma ham producers also complain.
"Our ham is a product that also has some problems related to fakes," said Carlo Leporati, marketing director for the Parma Ham Consortium. "But the biggest problem, mostly abroad but also in Italy, is the misuse of the 'Parma ham' appellation. ... The use of these names suggests that the products come from Italy and from the Parma area."
The European Union is working to widen marketing protection for foods from specific regions, such as Italy's Parma ham, France's Roquefort cheese, Portugal's Madeira wine and many others. The debate on the scope of these geographical indications has pitted the 28-nation bloc against the United States, Australia, Argentina and others in global trade talks.
The argument that "parmesan" is a common noun, rather than an indication of origin, has been dismissed by the European courts. But for Parma food producers and exporters, this is not enough.
词汇解析
forever
难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词
英汉解释
adv.永远
参考例句
用作副词 (adv.)
This terrible event is etched forever in my memory.
这一可怕事件永远深深地印刻在我的记忆中。
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barrel
难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词
英汉解释
n.桶；枪管；一桶的量；炮管；大量；笔管；汽油桶
vi.快速移动
vt.把 ... 装桶
参考例句
用作名词 (n.)
It will be adaptable to three separate barrel lengths for varying mission requirements.
它将能够适用三种各自独立的枪管长度来应对不同的任务需求。
用作及物动词 (vt.)
Because the USA is nearly bankrupt and the Chinese have them over a barrel.
因为美国和中国已接近破产装桶。
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loyalty
难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词
英汉解释
n.忠诚；忠心；忠贞
参考例句
用作名词 (n.)
His loyalty is above suspicion.
他的忠诚无可置疑。
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annual
难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词
英汉解释
adj.每年的；年度的；一年生的
n.年刊；一年生植物
参考例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
The firm has an annual turnover of $75 million.
这家公司的年营业额为7500万美元。
用作名词 (n.)
His essay is copied from a college annual.
他的论文是从一本大学年刊上抄下来的。
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approach
难度：5星基本词汇，属常用1000词
英汉解释
v.靠近；接近；接洽；要求；达到；动手处理
n.途径；方法；接近；接洽；要求；路径；进场着陆；相似的事物
参考例句
用作动词 (v.)
Workers, above all, will know how to approach the problem correctly .
工人们最懂得怎样正确地处理这个问题。
用作名词 (n.)
Narration should become a basic approach to preschool education.
叙事应是幼儿教育的基本途径。
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microscope
难度：3星常用词汇，属常用6000词
英汉解释
n.显微镜
参考例句
用作名词 (n.)
He focuses the lens of a microscope.
他调整显微镜的透镜以定焦点。
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potential
难度：4星核心词汇，属常用3000词
英汉解释
adj.潜在的；可能的
n.潜力；潜能
n.电位；电势
参考例句
用作形容词 (adj.)
These potential effects must be studied carefully.
这些潜在的影响必须仔细地加以研究。
用作名词 (n.)
We can only measure the difference between the potentials of two half cells when they are linked to form an electrochemical cell.
当两个半电池连接形成一个化学电池时,我们仅能测定两个半电池之间电位的差值。
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